'The farmers The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Every single Muslim that plants or cultivates anything of which humans, animals or birds ma...
'The farmers
The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Every single Muslim that plants or cultivates anything of which humans, animals or birds may eat from is counted as charity towards them on his behalf.’[Mustadrak al-Wasail, v. 13, p. 460, no. 15892]
Imam al-Baqir (AS) narrated that his father used to say, 'The best of occupations is tilling the land, the produce of which is eaten by both the good-doer and the wrongdoer. That which the good-doer eats will seek forgiveness on his [i.e. the grower’s] behalf, and that which the wrongdoer eats will curse him [i.e. the wrongdoer]. The birds and animals eat thereof too.’[al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 260, no. 5]
Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The farmers are the treasures of mankind for they plant and harvest the good things that Allah has made grow. On the Day of Resurrection, they will occupy the best and nearest position [to Allah] and will be called the blessed ones.’[al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 261, no. 7]
Alcohol
1ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : لا تُجْمَعُ الخَمرُ والإيمانُ في جَوفِ أو قَلبِ رجُلٍ أبداً.
1– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Alcohol and faith will never be together in the breast or heart of a man.’[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 152, no. 64]
2ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : الخَمرُ اُمُّ الفَواحِشِ والكبائرِ.
2– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Alcohol is the mother of all indecent acts and grave sins.’[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 13181]
3ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : جُمِعَ الشَّرُّ كُلُّهُ في بَيتٍ ، وجُعِلَ مِفْتاحُهُ شُرْبَ الخَمرِ.
3– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘All evil in its entirety has been gathered in one house and drinking alcohol is the key to that house.’[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 148, no. 63]
عِلَّةُ تَحريمِ الخَمرِ
The Reason for the Prohibition of Alcohol
4ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) : فَرضَ اللّهُ ... تَرْكَ شُرْبِ الخَمرِ تَحْصيناً للعَقلِ.
4– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah imposed…the abandonment of drinking alcohol in order to safeguard the intellect.’[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 252]
5ـ الإمامُ الرِّضا (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) : حَرّمَ اللّهُ الخَمرَ لِما فيها مِن الفَسادِ ، ومِن تَغْييرِها عُقولَ شارِبِيها ، وحَمْلِها إيّاهُم على إنْكارِ اللّهِ عزّوجلّ ، والفِرْيَةِ علَيهِ وعلى رُسُلِهِ ، وسائرِ ما يكونُ مِنهُم مِن الفَسادِ والقَتلِ .
5– Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ‘Allah forbade alcohol due the corruption that accompanies it, and due to the way in which it alters the drinkers’ reason, and how it encourages them to deny Allah, Mighty and Exalted, and to slander Him and His messenger, and for all the other accompaniments of corruption and murder.’[`Uyoun Akhbar al-Ridha (AS), v. 2, p. 98, no. 2]
عاقِبَةُ شُربِ الخَمرِ
The Consequence of Drinking Alcohol
6ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) : مُدْمِنُ الخَمرِ يَلْقى اللّهَ عزّوجلّ حِينَ يَلْقاهُ كعابِدِ وَثَنٍ .
6– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘When the alcoholic one meets Allah, Mighty and Exalted, he will meet him as an idol worshipper.’[al-Khisal, p. 632, no. 10]
7ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) : مَن شَرِبَ المُسْكِرَ لَم تُقْبَلْ صَلاتُهُ أربَعينَ يَوما ولَيلَةً.
7– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The one who drinks an intoxicant, his prayers will not be accepted for forty days and nights.’[al-Khisal, p. 632, no. 10]
مُعامَلَةُ شارِبِ الخَمرِ
Interacting with an Alcohol Drinker
8ـ رسولُ اللّهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : شارِبُ الخَمرِ لا تُصَدِّقوهُ إذا حَدّثَ، ولاتُزَوِّجوه إذا خَطَبَ ، ولا تَعودوهُ إذا مَرِضَ ، ولا تَحْضَروهُ إذا ماتَ ، ولا تأتَمِنوهُ على أمانَةٍ.
8– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘When one who drinks alcohol speaks, do not believe him, and if he proposes do not marry him, if he falls sick do not visit him, and if he dies do not attend his funeral, and do not entrust him with anything.’[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 127, no. 7]
9ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : مَثَلُ شارِبِ الخَمرِ كمَثَلِ الكِبْريتِ ، فاحْذَروهُ لا يُنْتِنْكُم كما يُنْتِنُ الكِبْريتُ.
9– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The alcohol drinker is like sulphur, so keep away from him lest he pollute you with his stench for sulphur has a bad stench.’[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 150, no. 64]
صِفَةُ حَشرِ شارِبِ الخَمرِ
How an Alcohol Drinker Will be Resurrected
10ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) : إنّ أهلَ الرَّيِّ في الدُّنيا مِن المُسْكِرِ يَموتونَ عِطاشاً ، ويُحْشَرونَ عِطاشاً ، ويَدخُلونَ النّار عِطاشاً.
10– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The ones who have quenched themselves in this world with an intoxicant [alcohol] will die thirsty, will be resurrected thirsty and will enter the Hellfire thirsty.’[Thawab al-A`amal, p. 290, no. 5]
الحَثُّ عَلى تَركِ الخَمرِ ولَو لِغَيرِ اللّهِ
Enjoinment of Abandoning Alcohol even if it be for Other Than Allah
11ـ رسولُ اللّهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) ـ : مَنتَرَكَ الخَمرَ لغَيرِ اللّهِ سَقاهُ اللّهُ مِن الرَّحيقِ المَخْتومِ ، فقالَ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) :لغَيرِ اللّهِ ؟! قالَ : نَعَم واللّهِ ، صِيانَةً لنفسهِ .
11– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Whoever abandons alcohol for other than the sake of Allah, Allah will quench his thirst [in Paradise] with the sealed wine’. Imam Ali (AS) exclaimed, ‘For other than Allah?’ The Prophet (SAWA) replied, ‘Yes, by Allah, for his own protection and well-being.’[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 412, no. 2]
حُرمَةُ ما فَعَلَ فِعلَ الخَمرِ
The Prohibition of That Which Produces the Same Effects as Alcohol
12ـ الإمامُ الكاظمُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) : إنّ اللّهَ عزّوجلّ لم يُحَرِّمِ الخَمرَ لاسْمِها، ولكنّهُ حَرّمَها لعاقِبَتِها ؛ فما كانَ عاقِبَتُهُ عاقِبَةَ الخَمرِ فهُو خَمرٌ .
12– Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ‘Allah did not prohibit alcohol because of its name, rather He prohibited it due to its effects, so whatever produces the same effects as alcohol is [treated as] alcohol.’[al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 412, no. 2]
وُجوبُ رِعايَةِ الأمانِ
Assurance
1ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : إذا أمِنَكَ الرّجُلُ على دمِهِ فلا تَقْتُلْهُ.
1- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘If a man trusts you with his blood [i.e. that you will spare his life] then do not kill him.’[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 10909]
2ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : مَن أمَّنَ رَجُلاً على دَمِهِ فقَتلَهُ فأنا بَريءٌ مِن القاتل ، وإنْ كانَ المَقتولُ كافراً.
2– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘When a man assures another of sparing his life and then kills him, [know that] I renounce the killer, even if the victim is an unbeliever.’[Ibid. no. 10930]
الاعتِصامُ بِالذِّمَمِ
Adhering To Sureties
3ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) : اعتَصِموا (استَعصِموا) بالذِّمَمِ في أوْتادِها.
3- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Adhere to sureties [that you are liable for] in all firmness.’[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 155]
4ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ في عَهدهِ للأشتَرِ ـ : وإنْ عَقَدتَ بينَكَ وبينَ عدُوِّكَ عُقْدةً أو ألْبَسْتَهُ مِنكَ ذِمّةً فَحُطْ عهدَكَ بالوفاءِ وَارعَ ذمَّتَك بالأمانَةِ، واجعَلْ نفسَكَ جُنّةً دُونَ ما أعطَيتَ، فإنّهُ ليسَ مِن فرائضِ اللّهِ شَيءٌ النّاسُ أشَدُّ علَيهِ اجْتِماعاً مَعتَفرُّقِ أهوائِهم وتَشتُّتِ آرائهِم مِن تعظيمِ الوفاءِ بالعُهودِ.
4- Imam Ali (AS) said, in his epistle to MÁlik al-Ashtar: ‘And if you make a covenant between yourself and your enemy or give him a surety [against life or property], then stand by your pact with loyalty and observe your liability with trustworthiness. Make yourself the shield for your word, for there is nothing from Allah’s mandates that all people agree upon, despite their diverse opinions on everything else, as much as they do with regards to respecting the fulfilment of covenants.’[Ibid. Letter 53]
احتِرامُ الذِّمَمِ
Respecting Covenants of Protection
5ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : يُجِيرُ على اُمَّتي أدْناهُم .
5- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘It is up to my community to protect those who are under them [i.e. non-Muslims living in Muslim lands][ This refers to the free non-Muslim subjects living in Muslim lands who, in return for paying the capital tax, enjoyed protection and safety therein (ed.)].’[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 10932]
6ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) : المسلِمونَ إخْوةٌ ، تَتَكافَأُ دِماؤهُم ، يَسْعى بذِمَّتهِم أدْناهُم ، وهُم يَدٌ على مَن سِواهُم.
6– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The Muslims are brothers, their blood is co-equal, those under them strive to secure their protection, and they are like one hand against their enemy.’[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 100, p. 46, no. 6]
